Curriculum
- 6 Sections
- 49 Lessons
- 1 Day
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- Fundamentals of HC & CO Emissions11
- 1.1Importance & harmful effects of HC & CO
- 1.2Definitions: unburnt hydrocarbons, CO as incomplete combustion indicator
- 1.3Regulatory context (BS-VI, Euro-VI)
- 1.4Relationship between combustion efficiency & emission formation
- 1.5Case Based Example: How HC & CO behave during cold start, idling, transients
- 1.6Impact of AFR, ignition timing, mixture preparation, wall quenching
- 1.7Fuel properties (volatility, oxygen content)
- 1.8Case Based Examples: High CO in GDI engines during cold start
- 1.9HC spikes due to misfire or poor vaporisation
- 1.10Case: CO increase from aging catalytic converter
- 1.11Activity: Analyse cold-start HC/CO graphs & identify root causes
- HC & CO Emission Mechanism & Sources10
- 2.1Chemical pathways behind HC & CO formation
- 2.2Quenching layers, crevice volumes, incomplete oxidation
- 2.3SI vs CI engine emission mechanisms
- 2.4Case Based Example: Injector deposits, poor spray atomisation
- 2.5EGR impact on HC/CO
- 2.6Poor combustion phasing & cylinder-to-cylinder variation
- 2.7Case Based Examples: Engine-out HC rise due to injector clogging
- 2.8CO rise from weak ignition coil
- 2.9Case: crevice HC in high-compression engines
- 2.10Activity: Identify emission sources from sample engine traces
- HC & CO Formation in SI Engines9
- 3.1HC formation from wall quenching & incomplete flame propagation
- 3.2CO formation under rich and transient conditions
- 3.3Effects of ignition timing, tumble, mixture preparation
- 3.4Case Based Example: GDI wall wetting & particulate-HC correlation
- 3.5Idle instability leading to CO spikes
- 3.6Catalyst light-off timing & performance
- 3.7Case Based Learning: HC surge during cold catalyst conditions
- 3.8CO spikes due to suboptimal spark calibration
- 3.9Activity: Evaluate SI engine maps to identify calibration zones contributing to HC/CO
- HC & CO Formation in CI Engines9
- 4.1Poor mixing, over-lean pockets, low-temperature combustion behaviour
- 4.2Effects of injection timing, fuel spray, swirl & turbulence
- 4.3CO formation during cold operation & low-load conditions
- 4.4Case Based Example: Real driving emissions challenges
- 4.5Impact of biodiesel blends on HC/CO formation
- 4.6DPF/SCR interactions influencing CO/HC oxidation
- 4.7Case Based Learning: HC rise due to late injection in CRDi
- 4.8CO increases from poor pilot injection strategy
- 4.9Activity: Interpret cylinder pressure & HRR graphs to find combustion zones producing HC/CO
- Diagnostics, Reduction Strategies & Failure Analysis8
- 5.1Engine-out vs tailpipe HC/CO
- 5.2Catalyst oxidation reactions
- 5.3Sensor roles: O₂, lambda, temp sensors
- 5.4Case Base Example: Diagnostic challenges: misfire detection, lambda drift
- 5.5HC/CO spikes due to catalyst ageing or thermal damage
- 5.6Case Based Learning: Incorrect air-fuel mapping producing excessive CO
- 5.7Case: catalyst under-lighting caused by insufficient exhaust temperature
- 5.8Activity: Diagnose faults using sample OBD + emission data
- Final Case Study & Simulation Workshop2
Activity: Receive a real dataset showing- HC & CO peaks; Poor catalyst conversion; Combustion instability; Cold-start emission anomalies
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